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Article #365: A Chronology of Events in the Civilized World on Tobacco

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1492- Columbus Discovers Tobacco. In his "Marlboros now ride in so many
journal, Columbus mentions tobacco for limousines, attend so many bridge
the first time. Rodrigo de Jerez and Luis parties, and repose in so many
de Torres first observe the native handbags."
smoking ritual and try it themselves. 1927 - A sensation is created when George
Jerez becomes the first smoker of western Washington Hill blatantly aims Lucky
decent. Strike advertising campaign at women,
1556-Tobacco use spreads to the old world urging them to "reach for a Lucky
through Spain and Portugal. The plant instead of a sweet." Smoking
that grew from these seeds is christened initiation rates among adolescent females
Nicotina tabacura by Linnaeus, thereby triple between 1925-1935, and Lucky
immortalizing Jean Nicot's name. Later Strike captures 38% of the American
the addictive alkaloid is called market.
nicotine. 1936 - Brown and Williamson introduce
1548 - The Portuguese begin to grow Viceroy, the first national brand to
tobacco for export in Brazil. feature a filter of cellulose acetate.
1770 - The first tobacco shop is Advertising increases the use of
established in Lancaster, PA. physicians to counter the claims that
1826 - England is importing only 26 lbs cigarettes are a major health problem.
of cigars per year. By 1830, England is 1940 - Adult Americans smoke 2,558
importing 250,000 lbs per year. cigarettes per capita a year, nearly
1847 - Philip Morris is open for business twice the consumption of 1930
in England. They sell hand rolled Turkish 1945 - Smoking is now socially acceptable
cigarettes. for women. Another generation of
1854 - Philip Morris begins making its Americans is now habituated to tobacco as
own cigarettes in London, on Bond Street a result of free cigarettes distributed
1881 - James E. Bonsack invents the by the Red Cross and other organizations
automated cigarette-making machine. It to our fighting men and women.
can produce 200 cigarettes per minute, a 1952 - Kent introduces the 'Micronite'
production rate which would have filter, which Lorillard claims
previously taken 50 workers, thereby "offers the greatest health
markedly reducing the cost of production. protection in cigarette history." It
Within one year the largest cigarette turns out to be made of asbestos. Kent
manufacturer sells more than a billion discontinues use of the Micronite filter
cigarettes annually. four years later.
1832 - The cigarette is invented by an 1954 - RJ Reynolds:- introduces:-
Egyptian artilleryman during the siege of Winston:- filter cigarettes, but promotes
Acre. The Egyptian's cannon crew had the taste benefit, not health. Winston
improved their rate of fire by rolling dominates the US market for the next 15
the gunpowder in paper tubes. For this, years.
he and his crew were rewarded with a 1954 - Marlboro advertising taken over by
pound of tobacco. Their only pipe was the Chicago ad agency Leo Burnett.
broken, so they took to rolling the pipe "Delivers the Goods on Flavor"
tobacco in the paper tubes. ran the new slogan in newspaper ads.
1864 - First American cigarette factory Design of the campaign, which features
opens and produces almost 20 million 'Marlboro Men,' is credited to John
cigarettes annually. Landry of Philip Morris. Prior to
1875 - Allen & Ginter cigarette initiating this campaign, Marlboro had
brands, Richmond Straight Cut No. 1 and <1% of the US market.
Pet, begin using picture cards to stiffen 1963 – Marlboro dispenses with
the pack and protect the cigarettes. The tattooed sailors and athletes as the
cards, with photos of actresses, baseball Marlboro Man and settles on the exclusive
players, Indian Chiefs, and boxers are use of cowboys. For several years, Philip
enormously successful and represent the Morris research had shown that sales
first modern promotion scheme for a increased whenever they cowboys appeared
manufactured product. in their campaigns.
1901 - 3.5 billion cigarettes and 6 1964 - Marlboro Country ad campaign is
billion cigars are sold. Four in five launched. "Come to where the flavor
American men smoke at least one cigar a is. Come to Marlboro Country."
day. Marlboro sales begin growing at 10% a
1902 - Tiny Philip Morris sets up a year.
corporation in New York to sell its 1968 - Philip Morris introduces Virginia
British brands, including Philip Morris, Slims with the slogan, "You've come
Blues, Cambridge, Derby, and a cigarette a long way, baby." Five yeas later,
named after Marlborough Street, where its Billy Jean King, wearing Virginia Slims
London factory is located. Marlboro is colors, defeats Bobby Riggs in the
one of the earliest woman's cigarettes, televised 'Battle of the Sexes.' Virginia
featuring a red tip to hide lipstick Slims continues to promote tennis matches
marks. It does not catch on with the to this day.
public. 1972 - Marlboro becomes the best-selling
1910 - Most popular brands: Pall Mall, cigarette in the world. It remains so
Sweet Caporals, Piedmont, Helmar and today by a wide margin.
Fatima. 1999 - About 10 million Americans smoke
1913 - RJ Reynolds introduces Camel, cigars.
considered by historians as the first 2002 - CDC estimates smoking health and
'modern' cigarette. productivity costs reach $150 billion a
1917 - During World War I cigarettes year, according to a new study published
become the smoke of choice as pipes and in this week's WMMR. CDC estimated the
cigars prove unmanageable at the front. total cost of smoking at $3,391 a year
Between 1910 and 1919 cigarette for every smoker, and even itemized the
production increases by 633% from under per-pack health/productivity costs at
10 billion/year to nearly 70 billion/year $7.18/pack. Further, it estimated the
and cigarette smoking begins to become smoking-related medical costs at $3.45
fixed among American men. The American per pack, and job productivity lost
Red Cross and the Young Men's Christian because of premature death from smoking
Association, previously opposed to the at $3.73 per pack.
propagation of cigarettes, actively Current campaign
supply them to the troops overseas. Fire-safe cigarette legislation has been
1921 - RJ Reynolds spends $8 million in passed or introduced in many states. To
advertising, mostly on Camel. Inaugurates maintain regulatory uniformity, all
the highly successful "I'd Walk a states and countries are using the
Mile for a Camel" slogan. “model” FSC regulatory bill
1924 - Philip Morris re-introduces based on the New York FSC law. With
Marlboro with the slogan "Mild as identical fire safety regulations for
May," targeting "decent, cigarettes in all states and countries,
respectable" women. "Has cigarette manufacturers can voluntarily
smoking any more to do with a woman's produce FSC worldwide. Until then,
morals than has the color of her legislative campaigns mandating FSC will
hair?" the advertisement reads. continue.






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