Bittering Agent Denatonium Benzoate for Preventing Antifreeze Poisoning

 And the tragedy is that every instance of antifreeze
Every year, about 10,000 dogs, cats and children arepoisoning can be easily and inexpensively prevented.
victims of accidental poisoning by automobileOn May 24, 2005 U.S. Rep. Gary Ackerman and
antifreeze. In 2003 nearly 1,400 children ended up inSenator George Allen introduced legislation in the U.S.
emergency rooms because of antifreeze poisoning,House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate,
according to the Consumer Product Safetyrespectively, requiring antifreeze to contain a bittering
Commission.agent to render the substance unpalatable to pets and
The American Association of Poison Control Centerschildren, helping to assure they would no longer drink
reported 2,372 accidental poisonings related tothe poisonous chemical. The bittering agent they are
Ethylene Glycol (EG) antifreeze in 1987. 765 of theseconsidering is denatonium benzoate, the world’s
were children under six years of age. The Humanemost bitter substance.
society of the United States names EG as one of theDenatonium benzoate is a harmless compound that,
most dangerous Household hazards to children andeven in extremely small quantities, makes ingestion
pets, not to mention wildlife. Further, they estimate thatimpossible. It is harmless to people, animals, plants and
the actual deaths of companion animals and wildlifethe environment. And the addition of 30 parts per
due to EG poisoning runs into the tens of thousandsmillion will make antifreeze unpalatable. How much are
every year.we talking about? One (1) teaspoon for 50 gallons of
A child or a pet doesn’t have to drink a lot ofantifreeze at a literal cost of pennies per gallon.
antifreeze to be poisoned. A few ounces, 3 or 4That’s right – about 3 or 4 cents per gallon.
tablespoons, can be lethal for a child. Even a few licksSo why are legislators and manufacturers dragging
of this sweet-tasting liquid can be fatal to a cat or dog.their feet? One would think this is a no-brainer.
For a medium sized dog, ingestion of about 2 ouncesMany states, and even some cities, are considering
is toxic. For cats, as little as ¼ of an ounce can belegislation requiring the addition of the bitterent
lethal. Children may take in large amounts since thedenatonium benzoate to antifreeze, making it virtually
substance tastes good. Alcoholics may also drink it asimpossible for a child or animal to be poisoned by this
a substitute for alcohol.sweet-tasting liquid.